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Obesity

Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have an adverse effect on health, leading to reduced life expectancy and/or increased health problems. Body mass index (BMI), a measurement which compares weight and height, defines people as overweight (pre-obese) when their BMI is between 25 kg/m2 and 30 kg/m2, and obese when it is greater than 30 kg/m2.
Obesity increases the likelihood of various diseases, particularly heart disease, type 2 diabetes, breathing difficulties during sleep, certain types of cancer, and osteoarthritis. Obesity is most commonly caused by a combination of excessive dietary calories, lack of physical activity, and genetic susceptibility, although a few cases are caused primarily by genes, endocrine disorders, medications or psychiatric illness. Evidence to support the view that some obese people eat little yet gain weight due to a slow XXXXbolism is limited; on average obese people have a greater energy expenditure than their thin counterparts due to the energy required to maintain an increased body mass.
The primary treatment for obesity is dieting and physical exercise. To supplement this, or in case of failure, anti-obesity drugs may be taken to reduce appetite or inhibit fat absorption. In severe cases, surgery is performed or an intragastric balloon is placed to reduce stomach volume and/or bowel length, leading to earlier satiation and reduced ability to absorb nutrients from food.
Obesity is a leading preventable cause of death worldwide, with increasing prevalence in adults and children, and authorities view it as one of the most serious public health problems of the 21st century. Obesity is stigmatized in much of the modern world (particularly in the Western world), though it was widely perceived as a symbol of wealth and fertility at other times in history, and still is in some parts of the world.
Comprehension
1. The statistics state that. 

a. although obesity is prevalent, it is not considered as a serious illness. 

b. obesity is considered as a serious illness.

2. Obese people 

a. may suffer from severe illnesses.

b. may suffer from mild ailments.

3. Modern medicine 

a. can cure obesity. 

b. cannot cure it at all.

4. The best treatment for obesity is 

a. related to individuals lifestyle. 

b. medical. 



Fill in the blanks using words from the box. Use plurals if necessary. Be careful of the verb endings.



maximum obtain legislation negative adequate

estimate furniture reward individual introduce





1. My friend ________ me to a very interesting man at a party last week.


2. I don’t really like team sports, I’m much more fond of ________ ones.


3. The police were offering a large ________ for any information that would lead to the robber’s arrest.


4. In the courtroom, the judge made a ground-breaking ruling on the new ________.


5. We were freezing up in the mountain cabin even though we had the heater on the _________ temperature.


6. When she took the exam, Karen ________ the highest grade in the class.


7. My wife just spent a fortune on new ________, but I have to admit the room looks very good!


8. Our teacher is always full of praise for us students, she never says ________ things.


9. Because he had lost his measuring jug, the chef ________ the correct amounts to add.


10. Although the hotel wasn’t too special, it was more than ________ for our needs.

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